In this banking system project, We have not used graphics to keep program simple. Click on download project button to download zip folder which contains C++ source code file, sample data file(.dat file), output screen (.doc file).
Thursday 4 April 2013
C++ Project
Saturday 8 December 2012
(a) Z = (a + b ) 2 / c - 0.5 + 2 a / (q + r)
(b) X = - b + ( b * b ) + 2 4ac
(c) R = 2v + 6.22 ( c + d )
(d) A = 7.7b ( xy + a ) / c - 0.8 + 2b
( a + b) * ( 1 / m)
Answer
Z = (( 8.8 * ( a + b ) * 2 / c ) - ( 0.5 + 2 * a / ( q + r ))) / (( a + 5 ) * ( 1 / m))
(b) X = - b + ( b * b ) + 2 4ac
2a
Answer
X = ( - b + ( b * b ) + 2 * 4 * a * c ) / ( 2 * a )
(c) R = 2v + 6.22 ( c + d )
g + v
Answer
R = ( 2 * v + 6.22 * ( c + d )) / ( g + v )
(d) A = 7.7b ( xy + a ) / c - 0.8 + 2b
( x + a ) ( l / y )
Answer
A = (( 7.7 * b ) * ( x * y + a ) / c - 0.8 + 2 * b ) / (( x + a ) * ( 1 / y ))[E] What would be the output of the following programs:
(a) main ( )
{
int i = 2 , j = 3 , k , l ;
float a , b ;
k = i / j * j ;
l = j / i * i ;
a = i / j * j ;
b = j / i * i ;
printf ( " %d %d %f %f " , k , l , a , b ) ;
}
Output
0 2 0. 000000 2.000000
(b) main ( )
{
int a , b ;
a = -3 - -3 ;
b = -3 - - ( - 3 ) ;
printf ( * a = %d b = %d* , a , b ) ;
}
Output
a = 0 b = -6
(c) main ( )
{
float a = 5, b = 2 ;
int c ;
c = a % b ;
printf ( "%d" , c ) ;
}
Output
Error. Mod ( % ) operator cannot be used on floats
(d) main ( )
{
printf ( "nn \n\n nn\n" ) ;
printf ( "nn /n/n nn/n" ) ;
}
Output
nn
nn /n/n nn/n
(e) main ( )
{
int a , b ;
printf ( "Enter values of a and b" ) ;
scanf ( " %d %d " , &a , &b ) ;
printf ( " a = %d b = %d" , a , b ) ;
}
Output
"Since spaces are given after and before double quotes in scanf ( ) it waits even after enterning two values. We must enter one more value to complete scanf ( ) execution."
[F] Write C programs for the following
(a) Zain's basic salary is input through the keyboard. His dearness allowance is 40% of basic salary , and house rent allowance is 20% of basic salary. Write a program to calculate his gross salary.
Program:
/* To calculate gross salary of Zain */
#inculde <stdio.h>
#inculde <conio.h>
main ( )
{
float bp , da , hra , grpay ;
clrscr ( ) ; /* Clears Screen */
printf ( *\n Enter the Basic Pay of Zain : * ) ;
scanf ( * "%f" , &bp ) ;
da = 0.4 * bp ;
hra = 0.2 * bp ;
grapy = bp + da + hra ; /* Gross Pay = sum of basic & all allowances */
printf ( "\nBasic Pay of Zain = %f" , bp ) ;
printf ( "\nDearness Allowance = %f" , da ) ;
printf ( "\nHouse Rent Allowance = %f" , hra ) ;
printf ( "\nGross Pay of Zain is %f" , grapy ) ;
printf ( *\n\n\n\n\nPress any key to exit...* ) ;
getch ( ) ; /* reads a characteer from keyboard */
}
(b)
The distance between two cities (in km) is input through the keyboard.
Write a program to convert and print this distance in meter , feet ,
inches and centimeters.
Program :
/* Conversion of distance */
#inculde (stdio.h>
#inculde <conio.h>
main ( )
{
float km , m , cm , ft , inch ;
clrscr ( ) ;
printf ( "\nEnter the distance in kilometers :" ) ;
scanf ( "%f" , &km ) ;
m = km * 1000 ;
cm = m * 100 ;
inch = cm / 2.54 ;
ft = inch / 12 ;
printf ( "\nDistance in meters = %f" , m ) ;
printf ( "\nDistance in centimeters = %f" , cm ) ;
printf ( "\nDistance in feet = %f" , ft ) ;
printf ( "\nDistance in inches = %f" , inch ) ;
printf ( "\n\n\n\n\n Press any key to exit....." ) ;
getch ( ) ;
}
(c)
If the mark obtained by a student in five different subjects are input
through the keyboard , find out the aggregate marks and percentage marks
obtained by the student. Assume that the maximum marks that can be
obtained by a student in each subject is 100.
Program :
/* Calculation of aggregate & percentage marks */
#inculde <stdio.h>
#inculde <conio.h>
main ( )
{
int m1 , m2 , m3 , m4 , m5 , aggr ;
float per ;
clrscr ( ) ;
printf ( "\nEnter marks in 5 subjects :" ) ;
scanf ( "%d %d %d %d %d" , &m1 , &m2 , &m3 , &m4 , &m5 ) ;
aggr = m1 + m2 + m3 + m4 + m5 ;
per = aggr / 5 ;
printf ("\nAggregate Marks = %d " , aggr ) ;
printf ( "\nPercentage Marks = %f " , per ) ;
printf ("\n\n\n\n\n Press any key to exit.....") ;
getch ( ) ;
}
(d)
Temperature of a city in Fahrenheit degree is input through the
keyboard. Write a program to convert this temperature into centigrade
degrees.
Program :
/* Conversion of temperature from Fahrenheit to Centigrade */
#inculde <stdio.h>
#inculde <conio.h>
main ( )
{
float fr , cent ;
clrscr ( ) ;
printf ( *\nEnter the temperature (F) : * ) ;
scanf ( " %f " , & fr ) ;
cent = 5.0 / 9.0 * ( fr - 32 ) ;
printf ( " \n Temperature in centigrade = %f " , cent ) ;
printf " \n\n\n\n\n Press any key to exit....* ) ;
getch ( ) ;
}
(e) The length & breadth of rentangle and radius of a circle are input through the keyboard. Write a program to calculate the area & perimeter of the rectangle, and the area &circumference of the circle.
Program:
/* Calculation of perimeter & area of rectangle and circle */
printf ("\n\nEnter Radius of circle " ) ;
scanf (" %d " , &r ) ;
area2 = 3.14 * r *r ; /* Area of Circle */
circum = 2 * 3.14 * r ; /* Circumference of circle */
printf ( "Area of Circle = %f " , area2 ) ;
printf ( "\nCircumference of Circle = f% , circum ) ;
printf ( "\n\n\n\n\nPress any key to exit...") ;
getch ( ) ;
}
(f) Two number are input through the keyboard into two locations C and D. Write a program to interchange the contents of C and D.
Program :
/* Interchanging of contents of two variables c & d */
#include <stdio.h>
#inculde (conio.h>
main ( )
{
int c , d , e ;
clrscr ( ) ;
printf ( "\nEnter the number at location C: " ) ;
scanf ( "%d" , &c ) ;
printf ( "\nEnter the number at location D: " ) ;
scanf ( "%d" , &d ) ;
/* Interchange the contents of two variables using a third as temporary store */
e = c ;
c = d ;
d = e ;
printf ( "\nNew Number at location C = %d" , c ) ;
printf ( "\nNew Number at location D = %d , d ) ;
printf ( "\n\n\n\n\nPress any key to exit....") ;
getch ( ) ;
}
(g) If a five-digit number is input through the keyboard , write a program to calculate the sum of its digits.
(Hint: Use the modulus operator '%')
Program :
/* sum of digits of a 5 digit number */
#inculde <stdio.h>
#inculde <conio.h>
main ( )
{
int num , a , n ;
int sum = 0 ; /* sum initialised to zero as otherwise it will contain a garbage value */
clrscr ( ) ;
printf ( "\nEnter a 5 digit number(less than 32767)" ) ;
scanf ( "%d" , &num ) ;
a = n % 10 ; /* last digit extracted as remainder */
n = num/10 ; /* remaining digits */
sum = sum + a ; /* sum updated with addition of extracted digit "/
a = n % 10 ; /* 4 th digit */
n = n /10 ;
sum = sum + a ;
a = n % 10 ; /*3 rd digit */
n = n/10 ;
sum = sum + a ;
a = n % 10 ; /* 2 nd digit */
n = n/10 ;
sum = sum + a ;
a = n % 10 ; /* 1st digit */
sum = sum + a ;
printf ( "\n The sum of the 5 digits of %d is %d" , num , sum ) ;
printf ( "\n\n\n\n\nPress any key to exit...") ;
getch ( ) ;
}
(h) If a five-digit number is input through the keyboard , write a program to reverse the number.
Program:
/* To reverse the digits of a 5-digit number */
main ( )
{
int n , a , b ;
long int revnum = 0 ;
/ * Initialised otherwise it will contain garbage value. Declared as long as after reversing it
may not be in the int range */
clrscr ( ) ;
printf ( "\nEnter a five digit number (less than 32767) " ) ;
scanf ( "%d" , &n ) ;
a = n % 10 ; /* last digit */
a = n / 10 ; /* remaining digits */
revnum = revnum + a * 10000L ; /* revnum updated with value of extracted digit */
a = n % 10 ; /* 4 th digit */
a = n / 10 ; /* remaining digits */
revnum = revnum + a * 1000 ;
a = n % ; /*3 rd digit */
n = n / 10 ; /* remaining digits */
revnum = revnum + a * 100 ;
a = n % 10 ; /* 2 nd digit /*
n = n 10 ; /* remaining digits */
revnum = revnum + a * 10 ;
a = n % 10 ; /* 1 st digit */
revnum revnum + a ;
printf ( "\nThe reversed number is %d" , revnum ) ;
printf ( "\n\n\n\n\nPress any key to exit...") ;
getch ( ) ;
}
cent = 5.0 / 9.0 * ( fr - 32 ) ;
printf ( " \n Temperature in centigrade = %f " , cent ) ;
printf " \n\n\n\n\n Press any key to exit....* ) ;
getch ( ) ;
}
(e) The length & breadth of rentangle and radius of a circle are input through the keyboard. Write a program to calculate the area & perimeter of the rectangle, and the area &circumference of the circle.
Program:
/* Calculation of perimeter & area of rectangle and circle */
#inculde<stdio.h>
#inculde<conio.h>
main ( )
{
int l , b , r , area1 , perimeter ;
float area2 , circum ;
clrscr ( ) ;
printf ("\nEnter Length & Breadth of Rectangle ") ;
scanf ( "%d %d" , &l , &b ) ;
area1 = l * b ; /* Area of a rectangle */
perimeter = 2 * 1 + 2 * b ; /* Perimeter of a rectangle */
printf ( "\nArea of Rectangle = %d" , area1 ) ;
printf ( "\nPerimeter of Rectangle = %d " , perimeter ) ;printf ("\n\nEnter Radius of circle " ) ;
scanf (" %d " , &r ) ;
area2 = 3.14 * r *r ; /* Area of Circle */
circum = 2 * 3.14 * r ; /* Circumference of circle */
printf ( "Area of Circle = %f " , area2 ) ;
printf ( "\nCircumference of Circle = f% , circum ) ;
printf ( "\n\n\n\n\nPress any key to exit...") ;
getch ( ) ;
}
(f) Two number are input through the keyboard into two locations C and D. Write a program to interchange the contents of C and D.
Program :
/* Interchanging of contents of two variables c & d */
#include <stdio.h>
#inculde (conio.h>
main ( )
{
int c , d , e ;
clrscr ( ) ;
printf ( "\nEnter the number at location C: " ) ;
scanf ( "%d" , &c ) ;
printf ( "\nEnter the number at location D: " ) ;
scanf ( "%d" , &d ) ;
/* Interchange the contents of two variables using a third as temporary store */
e = c ;
c = d ;
d = e ;
printf ( "\nNew Number at location C = %d" , c ) ;
printf ( "\nNew Number at location D = %d , d ) ;
printf ( "\n\n\n\n\nPress any key to exit....") ;
getch ( ) ;
}
(g) If a five-digit number is input through the keyboard , write a program to calculate the sum of its digits.
(Hint: Use the modulus operator '%')
Program :
/* sum of digits of a 5 digit number */
#inculde <stdio.h>
#inculde <conio.h>
main ( )
{
int num , a , n ;
int sum = 0 ; /* sum initialised to zero as otherwise it will contain a garbage value */
clrscr ( ) ;
printf ( "\nEnter a 5 digit number(less than 32767)" ) ;
scanf ( "%d" , &num ) ;
a = n % 10 ; /* last digit extracted as remainder */
n = num/10 ; /* remaining digits */
sum = sum + a ; /* sum updated with addition of extracted digit "/
a = n % 10 ; /* 4 th digit */
n = n /10 ;
sum = sum + a ;
a = n % 10 ; /*3 rd digit */
n = n/10 ;
sum = sum + a ;
a = n % 10 ; /* 2 nd digit */
n = n/10 ;
sum = sum + a ;
a = n % 10 ; /* 1st digit */
sum = sum + a ;
printf ( "\n The sum of the 5 digits of %d is %d" , num , sum ) ;
printf ( "\n\n\n\n\nPress any key to exit...") ;
getch ( ) ;
}
(h) If a five-digit number is input through the keyboard , write a program to reverse the number.
Program:
/* To reverse the digits of a 5-digit number */
#inculde <stdio.h>
#inculde <conio.h>main ( )
{
int n , a , b ;
long int revnum = 0 ;
/ * Initialised otherwise it will contain garbage value. Declared as long as after reversing it
may not be in the int range */
clrscr ( ) ;
printf ( "\nEnter a five digit number (less than 32767) " ) ;
scanf ( "%d" , &n ) ;
a = n / 10 ; /* remaining digits */
revnum = revnum + a * 10000L ; /* revnum updated with value of extracted digit */
a = n % 10 ; /* 4 th digit */
a = n / 10 ; /* remaining digits */
revnum = revnum + a * 1000 ;
a = n % ; /*3 rd digit */
n = n / 10 ; /* remaining digits */
revnum = revnum + a * 100 ;
a = n % 10 ; /* 2 nd digit /*
n = n 10 ; /* remaining digits */
revnum = revnum + a * 10 ;
a = n % 10 ; /* 1 st digit */
revnum revnum + a ;
printf ( "\nThe reversed number is %d" , revnum ) ;
printf ( "\n\n\n\n\nPress any key to exit...") ;
getch ( ) ;
}
Thursday 6 December 2012
(c) s = qui * add / 4 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 * 6 / god ;
( qui = 4, add = 2, god = 2, assume sto be an int )
Answer
s = 4 * 2 / 4 - 6 / 2 +2 / 3 * 6 / 2 operation: *
s = 8 / 4 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 * 6 / 2 operation: /
s = 2 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 * 6 / 2 operation: /
s = 2 - 3 + 2 / 3 * 6 / 2 operation: /
s = 2 - 3 + 0 * 6 / 2 operation: *
s = 2 - 3 + 0 / 2 operation: /
s = 2 - 3 + 0 operation: -
s = - 1 + 0 operation: +
s = - 1
(d) s = 1 / 3 * a / 4 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 * 6 / g ;
( s = 4, g = 3 , assume to be an int )
Answer
s = 1 / 3 * 4 / 4 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 + 6 / 3 operation: /
s = 0 * 4 / 4 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 * 6 / 3 operation: *
s = 0 / 4 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 * 6 / 3 operation: /
s = 0 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 * 6 / 3 operation: /
s = 0 - 3 + 2 / 3 * 6 / 3 operation: /
s = 0 - 3 + 0 * 6 / 3 operation: *
s = 0 - 3 + 0 / 3 operation: /
s = 0 - 3 + 0 operation: -
s = - 3 + 0 operation: +
s = -3
( qui = 4, add = 2, god = 2, assume sto be an int )
Answer
s = 4 * 2 / 4 - 6 / 2 +2 / 3 * 6 / 2 operation: *
s = 8 / 4 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 * 6 / 2 operation: /
s = 2 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 * 6 / 2 operation: /
s = 2 - 3 + 2 / 3 * 6 / 2 operation: /
s = 2 - 3 + 0 * 6 / 2 operation: *
s = 2 - 3 + 0 / 2 operation: /
s = 2 - 3 + 0 operation: -
s = - 1 + 0 operation: +
s = - 1
(d) s = 1 / 3 * a / 4 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 * 6 / g ;
( s = 4, g = 3 , assume to be an int )
Answer
s = 1 / 3 * 4 / 4 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 + 6 / 3 operation: /
s = 0 * 4 / 4 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 * 6 / 3 operation: *
s = 0 / 4 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 * 6 / 3 operation: /
s = 0 - 6 / 2 + 2 / 3 * 6 / 3 operation: /
s = 0 - 3 + 2 / 3 * 6 / 3 operation: /
s = 0 - 3 + 0 * 6 / 3 operation: *
s = 0 - 3 + 0 / 3 operation: /
s = 0 - 3 + 0 operation: -
s = - 3 + 0 operation: +
s = -3
Tuesday 4 December 2012
Let Us C++ Solution
Getting Started
[A] Which of the following are invalid variable names and why?
BASICSALARY (valid)
_basic (valid)
basic-hra (invalid , we cannot use hyphen in variable name)
#MEAN (invalid , variable name must begin with an alphabet or underscore)
group (invalid A is not allowed in variable name)
422 (invalid A variable name cannot begin with a digit)
population in 2012 (invalid variable name cannot contain spaces)
over time (invalid variable name cannot contain spaces)
mindovermatter (valid)
FLOAT (valid)
Hello (valid)
queue (invalid A is not allowed in variable name)
team'svictory (invalid A ',, is not allowed in variable name)
Plot # 3 (invalid, The '#' and spaces are not allowed in variable name)
2012_DDay (invalid, A variable name must with an alphabet or an underscore)
[B] Point out the errors, if any, in the following C statements:
(a) int = 314.562*150;
Error. int is a keyword hence should not be used as a variable.
(b) name = 'Ali'
Error. 'Ali' is an invalid character constant.
(c) varchar = '3'
No error
(d) 3.14*r*r*h = vol_of_cyl;
Error. on the left-hand side of equal to (=) there can only be a variable.
(e) k = (a * b) ( c + (2.5a + b) (d + e) ;
Error. Multiplication operator (*) missing among the three expressions and also between 2.5 and variable a.
(f) m_inst = rate of interest * amount in rs;
Error. rate of interest and amount in rs are invalid variable names.
(g) si = principal * rateofinterest * numberofyear / 100;
No error.
(h) area = 3.14 * r ** 2;
Error. '**' is an invalid operator.
(i) volume = 3.14 * r ∧ 2 * h;
Error. The expression 3.14 * r will result in a float. the '∧ ' operator cannot be used with floats.
(j) k = ((a * b) + c) ( 2.5 * a + b);
Error. Multiplication operator ( * ) missing between the two expressions given in parentheses.
(k) a = b = 3 = 4;
Error. A constant 3 cannot be on the left hand side of the assignment operator.
(l) count = count + 1;
No error.
(m) date = '2 Mar 04;
Error. Double quotes ("") should be used instead of ('') to enclose the string 2 Mar 04.
[C] Evaluate the following expressions and show their hierarchy.
(a) g= big / 2 + big * 4 / big - big + abc / 3;
(abc = 2.5, big = 2, assume g to be a float)
Answer
g = 2 / 2 + 2 * 4 / 2 - 2 + 2.5 / 3 operation: /
g = 1 + 2 * 4 / 2 - 2 + 2.5 / 3 operation: *
g = 1 + 8 / 2 - 2 + 2.5 / 3 operation: /
g = 1 + 4 - 2 + 2.5 / 3 operation: /
g = 1 + 4 - 2 + 0.83 operation: +
g = 5 - 2 + 0.83 operation: -
g = 3 + 0.83 operation: +
g = 3.83
(b) on = ink * act / 2 + 3 / 2 * act + 2 + tig ;
(ink = 4, act = 1, tig = 3.2, assume on to be an int)
Answer
on = 4 * 1 / 2 + 3 / 2 * 1 + 2 + 3.2 operation: *
on = 4 / 2 + 3 / 2 * 1 + 2 + 3.2 operation: /
on = 2 + 3 / 2 * 1 + 2 + 3.2 operation: /
on = 2 + 1 * 1 + 2 + 3.2 operation: *
on = 2 + 1 + 2 + 3.2 operation: +
on = 3 + 2 + 3.2 operation: +
on = 5 + 3.2 operation: +
on = 8
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